All this is unfolding during the “great aid recession,” with eight of the ten largest humanitarian donors having cut funding since 2022. The result is populations ever more vulnerable to tensions over water, energy, and food access, tensions that risk stoking displacement, particularly among the more vulnerable groups: refugees, farmers, and women.
Wars and greenhouse gases
The greenhouse gas emissions generated by the war add yet another dimension to an already grave situation. The conflict’s military activity is compounding the medium and long-term climate pressures already bearing down on the region. Estimates suggest that in its first two weeks alone, the war produced five million tons of CO2 emissions, more than the combined annual emissions of 84 countries.
The sources are varied: the destruction of homes and buildings, the burning of fuel reserves, the fuel consumed in combat operations, the embodied carbon of military equipment, and the production and use of missiles and drones. And eventual post-war reconstruction efforts will further add to the emissions.
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